Topological invariants of eigenvalue intersections and decrease of Wannier functions in graphene (Q2511539)

Monolayer and bilayer graphenes are considered and the rate of decrease of the Wannier functions corresponding to the condition and valence band. Since the rate of decrease crucially depends on the behavior of the Bloch functions at the Dirac points the topology of the Bloch eigenspaces around those points is preliminarily studied. It is shown that the absence of localization is not a direct consequence of the conical spectrum, but it is rather a consequence of the non-smoothness of the Bloch functions at the intersection points, which is in turn a consequence of a non-zero eigenspace vorticity, a condition which is verified by both mono- and multilayer grapheme.