Fixed point results in generalized metric spaces without Hausdorff property (Q2512877)

This paper sheds new light on many papers in a huge literature concerning the fixed point theory of weak (in some sense) contractions. In several articles on fixed points in generalized metric spaces (g.m.s.) in the sense of Branciari the authors assumed the Hausdorffness of a topology. In the present paper it is shown that usually this assumption is superfluous. This observation is based on some fruitful lemmas, proved in the paper, which are analogous to those in metric spaces. One of them is as follows: Let \((X,d)\) be a g.m.s. and let \(\{y_n\}\) be a sequence in \(X\) with distinct elements (\(y_n\neq y_m\) for \(n\neq m\)). Suppose that \(d(y_n,y_{n+1})\) and \(d(y_n,y_{n+2})\) tend to \(0\) as \(n\to\infty\) and that \(\{y_n\}\) is not a Cauchy sequence. Then there exist \(\varepsilon>0\) and two sequences \(\{m_k\}\) and \(\{n_k\}\) of positive integers such that \(n_k>m_k>k\) and the following four sequences tend to \(\varepsilon\) as \(k\to\infty\): \[ d(y_{m_k},y_{n_k}), \;d(y_{m_k},y_{n_k+1}), \;d(y_{m_k-1},y_{n_k}), \;d(y_{m_k-1},y_{n_k+1}). \] The results are illustrated by some simple transparent examples.