The geometry of some parameterizations and encodings (Q2513762)

The paper deals with the problem of the parameterization by radicals (of degree prime to \(q(q-1)\))\, of algebraic curves of small genus (mainly genus 2) defined over a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\),\, of characteristic different from 2 and 3. A such parameterization would allow an efficient deterministic encodings into those curves. Encoding algorithms for elliptic curves are already known, see [\textit{T. Icart}, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 5677, 303--316 (2009; Zbl 1252.94075)], but for genus 2 curves only partial results were known, results only valid for a negligible proportion of all genus 2 curves, see Kammerer, Lercier and Renault [\textit{J.-G. Kammerer} et al., Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 6487, 278--297 (2010; Zbl 1290.94100)]. Section 2 begins remembering the basic notions of parameterizations, encoding and torsors. Then Tartaglia-Cardan formulae is formulated in the language of torsors and the proposed method of parametrization is showed (2.7 and 2.8). This general method is illustrated in Section 3 for elliptic curves. Section 4 studies the case of genus 2 curves having two rational points whose difference has order 3 in the associated Jacobian variety. This allows to parameterize by 3-radicals a positive proportion of all genus 2 curves. An example (over \(\mathbb{F}_{83}\)) is worked in detail. Finally the paper studies other parameterizations by \(l\)-radicals, in particular for \(l=5\).