Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity bounds for singular surfaces (Q2516461)

The author works over the field of complex numbers. From the author's introduction: ``Let \( X\) be a closed subscheme of \(\mathbb P^n\) defined by an ideal sheaf \(\mathcal J_X\). \(X\) is said to be \(m\)-regular if \(H^i(\mathbb P^n, \mathcal J_X(m-i))=0\) for all \(i>0\). The minimal such number \(m\) is called Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of \(X\) and is denoted by \(\text{reg}(X)\).'' The main result of the paper under review is the following: Theorem 1.1. Let \(X\) be a non-degenerate normal surface in \(\mathbb P^n\) \((n\geq4)\) with the following singularities: rational, Gorenstein elliptic and log canonical. Then \(\text{ reg}(X)\leq \text{deg}(X)-\text{codim} (X)+1\). This result has been proved for non-singular surfaces by \textit{H. C. Pinkham} [Invent. Math. 83, 321--332 (1986; Zbl 0612.14029)] for \(n=4,5\) and by \textit{R. Lazarsfeld} [Duke Math. J. 55, 423--429 (1987; Zbl 0646.14005)] for \(n\geq4\). In section 2, the author gives regularity bounds for closed subschemes of \(\mathbb P^n\) having dimension \(0\) or \(1\). In the zero-dimensional case the author makes use of the Loewy length. For an artinian local ring \((A,\mathfrak m)\) the Loewy length \(\mu_A\) of \(A\) is \(\mu_A:=\text{max}\{i\mid \mathfrak m^i\neq0\}\). In Theorem 2.2, the author proves for a subscheme \(X\) of \(\mathbb P^n\) with \(\text{dim}(X)=0\), supported at distinct closed points \(\{p_1,\ldots,p_t\}\), that \(H^1(\mathbb P^n, \mathcal J_X(k))=0\) for \(k\geq \mu_1+\cdots+\mu_t+t-1\), where \(\mu_i\) is the Loewy length of the local ring \(\mathcal O_{X,p_i}\), i.e., \(X\) is \((\mu_1+\cdots+\mu_t+t)\)-regular. He also shows that this bound can be achieved. Let \(X\) be a closed subscheme of \(\mathbb P^n\), and let \(R_1\mathcal O_X\) be the subsheaf of \(\mathcal O_X\) containing the sections whose support has dimension \(<1\). Then \(R_1\mathcal OX\) is an \(\mathcal O_X\)-sheaf and defines a subscheme \(X_1\) of \(X\) with structure sheaf \(\mathcal O_{X_1}=\mathcal O_X/R_1\mathcal O_X\); let \(\mathcal J^*_X\) be the sheaf defining \(X_1\) as a subscheme of \(\mathbb P^n\). In particular, if \(\dim(X)=1\) and \(X_1\) is a reduced one-dimensional scheme, then \(X_1\) is called the curve part of \(X\), and the \(0\)-th arithmetic degree \(\text{adeg}_0(X)\) is the length of \(\mathcal J^*_X/\mathcal J_X\). In Theorem 2.10, the author shows that \(X\) is \((\text{adeg}_0(X)+\text{adeg}_1(X)-\dim(\text{Span}(X_1))+2)\)-regular if \(X_1\) is connected; here \(\text{Span}(X_1)\) is the minimal linear space containing \(X_1\). He shows that this bound can be achieved. The author proves Th.\ 1.1 in section 3, using the technique of general projection.