Differentiability of Palmer's linearization theorem and converse result for density functions (Q2517347)

This paper studies differentiability properties in a particular case of Palmer's linearization theorem, which states the existence of a homeomorphism \(H\) between the solutions of a linear ODE system having exponential dichotomy and a quasilinear system. Consider the linear system \[ y' = A(t) y, \tag{1} \] and the quasilinear one \[ x'=A(t) x + f(t,x),\tag{2} \] where the bounded and continuous \(n\times n\) matrix \(A(t)\) and the continuous function \(f:{ \mathbb R}\times {\mathbb R}^n\to {\mathbb R}^n\) satisfy some technical conditions. \textit{K. J. Palmer} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 41, 753--758 (1973; Zbl 0272.34056)] has provided sufficient conditions ensuring the topological equivalence between the solutions of (1) and the solutions of (2). Roughly speaking, (1) and (2) are topologically equivalent if these exists a map \(H:{\mathbb R}\times {\mathbb R}^n \to {\mathbb R}^n\) such that \(v\mapsto H(t,v)\) is a homeomorphism for any fixed \(t\). In particular, if \(x(t)\) is a solution of (2), then \(H[t,x(t)]\) is a solution of (1). This paper is to find sufficient conditions ensuring that the map above is a preserving orientation diffeomorphism of class \(C^1\) and \(C^2\), both under the assumption that (1) is uniformly asymptotically stable. As an application of the results, the authors construct a density function for the system (2) when \(f(t,0) = 0\).