Quantisations of piecewise parabolic maps on the torus and their quantum limits (Q2517939)

Let \(T(p,q):=\exp\{-(i/h)(q\widehat p-p\widehat q)\}\); \(\widehat p\psi(x):=(h/i) \psi'(x)\), \(\widehat q\psi(x):=x\psi(x)\). If \(N\) is a positive integer, the states \(\psi(x)=N^{-1/2}\sum_{Q\in Z}\psi(Q) \delta(x-Q/N)\) \(\psi(Q+N)=\psi(Q)\), form the Hilbert space \(H_N\). Let \(e(x):=\exp(2\pi ix)\), \(e_N(x):=e(x/N)\), and \(\omega(z,n)=qn_2-pn_1\), \(z=(q,p)\in T^2\) (torus). The Weyl quantization of the observable \(a=\sum_{n\in Z\times Z}\widehat a_ne(-\omega(z,n))\) is defined by \(Op_N[a]:=\sum_{n\in Z\times Z}\widehat a_nT(n_1/N,n_2/N)\), satisfying \(\|Op_N [a]\|\leq C\sum_{|\alpha|\leq 3}|\partial^\alpha a|\), and \(\lim_{N\to\infty}N^{-1} \text{Tr}(Op_N[a])=\int_{T^2}a\,d \mu_{T^2}\), \(\mu_{T^2}\): normalized Lebesgue measure on \(T^2\). The authors treat the class of maps \(F:T^2\to T^2\) given by \(F:^t(p,q) \to^t(p+2q,f(q))\bmod 1\), where \(f:[0,1]\to[0,1]\) is a piecewise affine map given by a cutting and stacking construction. Consider the nowhere dense singularity set \(S\subset[0,1]\), \(f(S):=\{q;\exists q_0\in S\) such that \(q=\lim_{q;\to q_0}f(q')\}\), \(D_N:=\{Q/N;Q\in\{0,1,\dots,N-1\} \}\), and \(f_N: D_N\to D_N\) as an approximation of \(f\). Let \(I(\varepsilon):=\{q\in[0,1]; \text{dist}(q,f(S))\leq\varepsilon\}\), \(\{\varepsilon_N>0\}\): a sequence satisfying \(\lim_{N\to\infty} \varepsilon_N=0\), and \(\delta_N(\varepsilon_N):= \sup_{I (\varepsilon_N)}|f_N(Q/N)-f(Q/N)|\). Let \(C^\infty_s(T^2)(\subset C^\infty(T^2))\) be the space of the functions vanishing in a neighbourhood of \(F(S)\). Theorem 1: If \(a\in C^\infty_s(T^2)\), and if \(U_N\psi(Q)=e_N(-(\widehat f_N^{-1}(Q))^2)\psi(\widehat f_N^{-1}(Q))\) by \(\widehat f_N(Q):=Nf_N(Q/N)\), then \(U_N^*0p_N[a]U_N=0 p_N[a\cdot F_N]+0_a(N^{-\infty})\) holds. A sequence of \(U_N\) for which \(\delta_N(\varepsilon_N)\) and \(\varepsilon_N\) tend to 0 as \(N\to \infty\), is called a proper quantisation (PQ) of \(F\). Theorem 2: If the sequence \(\{U_N;N=1,2,\dots\}\), \(U_N\psi^N_k=e_N(\theta_k^N) \psi_k^N\), is the PQ, and if \(\mu_{T^2}\) is ergodic, then \(\lim_{N\to \infty}N^{-1}\sum_{k=1\sim N}|\langle \psi_k^N,Op_N[a]\psi_k^N \rangle-\int a\,d\mu_{T^2}|=0\) holds. The measure \(\mu\) appears as a quantum limit if one finds such \(\{U_N,f_N\}\). They show the conditions for \(\mu\) to appear as a quantum limit.