On the boundedness and unboundedness of polynomials (Q2536845)

Let \(x_i^{(j)}\), \(1\leq i \leq j\) be numbers in the closed intervall \([-1,1]\) strictly increasing with \(i\) for each fixed \(j\). For each \(n\) let \(P_n\) denote a polynomial of degree \(n\) in \(x\). The author proves a necessary and sufficient condition on the triangular matrix \((x_i^{(j)})\) that the following implication hold. If for each \(m, n(1+c)<m\), and for each \(i, 1\leq i \leq m\), we have \(| P_n (x_i^{(n)})| \leq 1\), then there exists a function \(A(c)\) depending only on \(c\) such that \(\max(|P_n(x)|:\) \(-1 \leq x \leq 1)\) is less than \(A(c)\). The proof is difficult, and is related with earlier work of the same author [cf. the author, Ann. of Math., II. Ser. 44, 330-337 (1943; Zbl 0063.01266)]. The result proved extends results of Zygmund and Berstein concerning the Tchebycheff and Legendre polynomials respectively.