Differential modules defined by systems of equations (Q2563965)

For a given set of convex integral polytopes \(Q_1,\dots ,Q_n\) in \({\mathbb R}^n\) one constructs a differential module in the following way. For the points \(J_i:={\mathbb Z}^n\cap Q_i\) (and \(i=1,\dots ,n\)) one introduces variables \(\lambda _{i,j_i}\). Let \(F\) be any field of characteristic 0 and put \(K=F(\{\lambda _{i,j_i}\}_{i,j_i})\). Let \({\mathcal D}=K[\{\partial _{i,j_i}\}_{i,j_i}]\) be the ring of differential operators where \(\partial _{i,j_i}\) stands for the partial differentiation w.r.t. the variable \(\lambda _{i,j_i}\). Then \(K\) is a left \(\mathcal D\)-module in the obvious way. Consider the Laurent polynomials \(f_i=\sum _{j_i\in J_i}\lambda _{i,j_i}x^{j_i}\in K[x_1,x_1^{-1}, \dots ,x_n,x_n^{-1}]\) for \(i=1,\dots ,n\). Then \(L=K[x_1,x_1^{-1},\dots ,x_n,x_n^{-1}]/(f_1,\dots ,f_n)\) turns out to be a finite field extension of \(K\). Thus \(L\) has a canonical structure as left \(\mathcal D\)-module. The aim of the paper is to identify \(L\) explicitly as a \(\mathcal D\)-module of hypergeometric type. The method completes certain aspects of Katz' thesis. Further certain Dwork cohomology spaces are used to provide this identification. An explicit hypergeometric \(\mathcal D\)-module \(\mathcal N\) is given as a submodule of another one \({\mathcal M}={\mathcal D}/(***)\) with explicit relations \((***)\). The main result states that under some geometric condition on the polytopes \(Q_1,\dots ,Q_n\), the \(\mathcal D\)-modules \(\mathcal N\) and \(L/K\) are isomorphic by an explicit map. The computations are quite long. No interpretation or application of the main result is given, except for the statement that the rings \(K[x_1,x_1^{-1},\dots ,x_n,x_n^{-1}]/(f_1,\dots ,f_r)\) are regular.