The effect of dissipation on solutions of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation (Q2564253)

The subject of this paper are two equations of the Korteweg-de Vries type, namely \[ u_t+u^p u_x+\varepsilon u_{xxx}+f(u)=0 \] where (1) \(f(u)=-\delta u_{xx}\) \((\delta >0)\), (2) \(f(u)=\sigma u\) \((\sigma > 0)\) with the initial condition \(u(x,0)=u_0(x)\). Here \(x\) is a one-dimensional variable, \(t\geq 0\) and \(u_0\) is supposed to be periodic of period \(L>0\), \(u_0\in H^s(0,L)\) for some \(s\geq 2\). The paper consists of two parts. In the first theoretical part two theorems concerning both cases (1), (2) are proved. Two cases are distinguished: (i) if \(p<4\), then there is a unique global solution that lies in \(C(0,T;H^s(0,L))\) for every \(T>0\) and is periodic in \(x\) of the period \(L\); (ii) if \(p\geq 4\), then there is a \(T_0>0\) such that the problem has unique solution \(u\in C(0,T_0;H^s(0,L))\) that is periodic in \(x\) of the period \(L\); if moreover \(u_0\) is sufficiently small, this solution is a global one (this means that \(T_0\) may be taken arbitrarily large). The second part of the paper deals with numerical solution of the above initial value problems. The discretization is done by means of the finite element method in \(x\) and applying the Runge-Kutta method to the obtained system of ordinary differential equations. Numerical experiments are presented.