On the matrix equation \(X+A^ TX^{-1}A=I\) (Q2564965)

It is shown that the matrix equation \((*)\) \(X+A^TX^{-1}A=I\) has a positive definite solution \((X>0)\) if and only if \(A\) has a factorization \(A=W^TZ\), where the matrix \(W\) is nonsingular and the columns of \([W^T,Z^T]^T\) are orthonormal. In this case \(X=W^TW\). It is also proved that equation \((*)\) has a solution \(X>0\) if and only if there exist orthogonal matrices \(P\) and \(Q\) and diagonal matrices \(\Gamma>0\), \(\Sigma\geq 0\) with \(\Gamma^2+\Sigma^2=I\) such that \(A=P^T\Gamma Q\Sigma P\). Finally, it is shown that if \((*)\) has a solution \(X>0\) then the following relations are valid \(X-AA^T>0\), \(I-AA^T-A^TA>0\), \(r(A)\leq 1/2\), \(r(A+A^T)\leq 1\), \(r(A-A^T)\leq 1\), where \(r(A)\) is the spectral radius of \(A\).