Closures of orbits of \(\mathbb{C}\) and \(\mathbb{C}^*\) actions (Q2565061)

Let \(G=\mathbb{C}\) or \(G={\mathbb{C}}^*\) act biholomorphically and meromorphically on a normal compact Kähler space \(X\). The author shows that in the additive case the closure \(C\) of any orbit is nonsingular and intersects the fixed point set \(X^G\) transversally (in the sense that the Zariski tangent spaces are transverse). In the multiplicative case there is no sequence of points \(x_1\), \dots, \(x_s \in X\setminus X^G\) generating a quasi-cycle; in a quasi-cycle \(\lim_{t\to 0} tx_{i+1}\) is contained in the same connected component of \(X^G\) as \(\lim_{t\to \infty} tx_i\), where \(i\) is counted modulo \(s\). If \(X\) is only a manifold in Fujiki's class \(\mathcal C\) of manifolds bimeromorphic to Kähler ones an offending orbit closure \(C\) in the \(\mathbb{C}\)-case or the cycle \(C_1+\dots+C_s\) with \(C_i\) the orbit closure of the \(x_i\) in a quasi-cycle in the \({\mathbb{C}}^*\)-case is \(\mathbb{Q}\)-homologous to zero in \(X\). The proof is based on an analysis of the action of \(G\) on the real vector space \(H^1(X,{\mathcal P}_X)\) where \({\mathcal P}_X\) is the sheaf of germs of pluriharmonic functions. First some general results on such functions are given. Afterwards the action is studied for the special cases of a nodal resp. cuspidal rational curves and their reducible analogues. The final section gives examples of singular or non transversal orbits on normal non-Kähler Moishezon surfaces. They are obtained by contracting a negative section on certain ruled surfaces.