Ropes in projective space (Q2565385)

Let \(C\) be a smooth irreducible curve in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) with homogeneous ideal \(I\). A locally Cohen-Macaulay structure \(Y\) of multiplicity \(\alpha\) on \(C\) is said to be an \(\alpha\)-rope on \(C\), if its homogeneous ideal \(J\) satisfies \(I^2 \subset J\subset I\). A ribbon is a 2-rope. Aim of this paper is to study the ideal \(J'= (I^2,F_1, \dots, F_k)\) (where \(F_1, \dots, F_k\in I\) form a regular sequence), the deficiency (or Hartshorne-Rao) module \(M(Y)= \bigoplus_{t\in \mathbb{Z}} H^1 (\mathbb{P}^n, {\mathcal I}_Y (t))\) and the regularity \(\text{reg} ({\mathcal I}_Y)\): the minimum integer \(r\) such that \(h^i ({\mathcal I}_Y(n-i)) =0\) for all \(n\geq r\), \(i\geq 1\) \(({\mathcal I}_Y\) is the sheaf of ideals of \(Y\) in \(\mathbb{P}^n)\). The Hilbert polynomial of \(J'\) is computed (theorem 1.5) and it is proved that every \((n-k)\)-rope on \(C\) is defined by such an ideal up to embedded points (corollary 1.7), occurring at singularities of the scheme defined by \((F_1, \dots, F_k)\) (proposition 1.9, corollary 1.10). The main results on \(M(Y)\) are stated when \(C\) is arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay (theorem 2.6) and, in particular, when \(C\) is a complete intersection in \(\mathbb{P}^3\) (theorem 2.8), by means of a suitable linkage between \(Y\) and the union of two curves. This provides a generalization of results proved in case of double lines in \(\mathbb{P}^3\) by \textit{J. Migliore} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 294, 177-185 (1986; Zbl 0596.14019)]. An upper-bound for \(\text{reg} ({\mathcal I}_Y)\) is found in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) (theorem 3.7) and simplified in \(\mathbb{P}^3\) (corollary 3.8). Such results are obtained by means of auxiliary bounds on the regularity of homogeneous ideals (lemma 3.1) and of powers of sheaves of ideals (proposition 3.2) via remarking that the regularity of a 1-dimensional subscheme does not increase by removing 0-dimensional components (lemma 3.9).