Approximate extension of partial \(\varepsilon\)-characters of Abelian groups to characters with application to integral point lattices. (Q2566740)

Let \(G\) be an Abelian group, \(S\subseteq G\) be a finite set, and \(T\) denote the multiplicative group of complex units with the invariant arc metric \(|\arg(a/b)|\). In this paper the authors show that for a mapping \(f\colon S\to T\) to be \(\varepsilon\)-close on \(S\) to a character \(\varphi\colon G\to T\) it is enough that \(f\) be extendable to a mapping \(\overline f\colon(S\cup\{1\}\cup S^{-1})^n\to T\), where \(n\) is large enough and \(\overline f\) violates the homomorphy condition at most up to an arbitrary \(\delta<\min(\varepsilon,\pi/2)\), Moreover, \(n\) can be chosen uniformly, independently of \(G\) and both \(f\) and \(\overline f\), depending just on \(\delta,\varepsilon\) and the number of elements of \(S\). -- The proof is non-constructive, using the ultraproduct construction and Pontryagin duality, hence yielding no estimate on the actual size of \(n\). As one of the applications they show that, for a vector \(u\in\mathbb{R}^q\) to be \(\varepsilon\)-close to some vector from the dual lattice \(H^*\) of a full rank integral point lattice \(H\subseteq\mathbb{Z}^q\), it is enough for the scalar product \(ux\) to be \(\delta\)-close (with \(\delta<1/3\)) to an integer for all vectors \(x\in H\) satisfying \(\sum_i|x_i|\leq n\), where \(n\) depends on \(\delta,\varepsilon\) and \(q\) only.