Characterization of the absence of a spectral gap for a class of periodic Jacobi operators (Q2566743)

It is proved that the statement (i) \(\lambda= \lambda_{2i+1}= \lambda_{2j}\) and (ii) there exist \((m,\dots, m_p)\in \{1,\dots, l_i-1\}\times\cdots\times \{1,\dots,l_q-1\}\) such that \(\sum^q_{l=1} m_l= i\) and that \(\lambda- p_k= 2\cos(\pi m_k/l_k)\) for \(k\in \{1,\dots q\}\) are equivalent where \((\lambda_{2j}, \lambda_{2j-1})\) denote the \(j\)th band of the spectrum of Jacobi operator \[ (Ju)(n)= u(n+ 1)+ u(n- 1)+ b(n) u(n) \] acting on \(l^2(z)\) and \(b: z\to\mathbb{R}\) be a periodic function of period \(T\).