Approximation of certain operators through operators of finite rank and a collocation method (Q2568504)

Certain bounded linear operators from Hilbert spaces \(H\) into function space \(C(X)\) are approximated by operators of finite rank with the aid of orthogonal projections. Let \((X,d)\) be a metric space with the distance \(d\) and \(C(X)\) be a Banach space of real continuous bounded functions on \(X\) with \(sup\)-norm. For the set \(K\subset X\) we set \[ m(K): = \sup_{x \in X} \{\inf\{ d(x,y):\;y \in K \} \}. \] By \(\{ K_{n}\}_{n = 1}^{\infty } \) we denote a sequence of finite sets \(K_{n} \subset X\) for which \(\lim\limits_{n \to\infty } m(K_{n}) = 0\). For the real Hilbert space \(H\) we consider the bounded uniformly continuous map \(\varphi\): \(X \to H\). We denote by \(F\) (or \(F_{n} \)) the closed linear hull of the set \(\{ \varphi (x)\): \(x \in X\}\) (\(\{\varphi (x)\): \(x \in K_{n}\}\) respectively) and by \(P\) (or \(P_{n} \)) we denote the orthogonal projection of \(H\) on \(F\) (on \(F_{n} \) respectively). Let us define the linear map \(T\,f(x){: =} (f,\varphi (x))\) for all \(f \in H\) and \(x \in X\), where \(( \cdot , \cdot )\) is the scalar product in the space \(H\). The main results of the paper are the following two theorems. Theorem 3. For all \(f \in H\) we have \(\lim\limits_{n \to \infty} P_{n} f =Pf\). Corollary 4. The sequence of functions \(\{ T(P_{n} f)\}_{n = 1}^{\infty } \) converges uniformly to the function \(Tf\) in the space \(C(X)\). Let us define the modulus of continuity \(\omega (\delta ){: =}\sup \{\| \varphi (x) - \varphi (y)\| \): \(x,y \in X\), \(d(x,y) \leq\delta \}\) of the map \(\varphi \): \(X \to H\). Theorem 5. The inequality \(\| Tf - T(P_{n} f)\| \leq \omega (m(K_{n}))\, \| f\| \) holds for all \(f \in H\) and \(n = 1\), \(2\),\dots As examples the special linear integral operators and linear partial differential operators are presented. As an application a collocation method is considered.