Integration of \(\epsilon\)-Fenchel subdifferentials and maximal cyclic monotonicity (Q2569147)

Let \(X\) be a real Hausdorff locally convex space, \(f:X\to \mathbb R\cup\{+\infty\}\) a function and \(\varepsilon \geq 0.\) The \(\varepsilon\)-subdifferential of \(f\) at a point \(x\in X\) is given by \[ \partial_\varepsilon f(x) = \{x^*\in X^* : \langle x^*,u-x\rangle \leq f(u)-f(x)+ \varepsilon,\, \forall u\in X\}, \] which, for \(\varepsilon =0,\) becomes the usual subdifferential of convex analysis. \textit{C. Combari, S. Marcellin} and \textit{L. Thibault} [J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 4, No. 2, 309--324 (2003; Zbl 1037.46064)] proved the first integration formula for \(\varepsilon\)-subdifferentials: \[ \forall\varepsilon > 0,\, \forall x\in X,\;\partial _\varepsilon f(x)\subset \partial _\varepsilon g(x) \iff f=g+ C, \] where \(f\) is proper, convex and \(\sigma(X,X^*)\)-lsc and \(g\) is proper. In the present paper the above result is extended, in the sense that one proves that \(\partial _\varepsilon f(x)\) \(\subset \partial _\varepsilon g(x)\) for all \(x\in X\) and for all \(0<\varepsilon \leq \alpha, \) for a fixed \(\alpha \in \mathbb R,\) is equivalent to \(f=g+C,\) with \(C\) independent of \(\alpha.\) This result is applied to prove a representation formula for \(\partial _{\varepsilon+\delta} f\) in terms of \(\partial _{\eta}f\), \(0\leq \eta\leq \delta \), generalizing a result obtained by \textit{J.-E. Martínez-Legaz} and \textit{M. Théra} [Set-Valued Anal. 4, No. 4, 327--332 (1996; Zbl 0870.47032)] in Banach setting. Another application is the characterization of maximal cyclically monotone families of operators considered by \textit{A. Verona} and \textit{M. E. Verona} [Set-Valued Anal. 1, No. 3, 261--272 (1993; Zbl 0797.47032)].