Mean-value theorems for multiplicative functions on Beurling's generalized integers. I (Q2571401)

The author gives Halász-type theorems for multiplicative functions on multiplicative arithmetical semigroups \(\mathcal N\) with a set \({\mathcal P} = \{p_1,p_2,\dots\}\) of real-valued generators \(p_n\) (``generalized primes''), where \(p_{n+1}\geq p_n \geq \dots >1\), and \(p_n \to\infty\). Let \(f\) be a multiplicative complex-valued function, defined on \({\mathcal N}^\ast = \{\nu;\, \nu= (k_1,k_2,\dots)\}\), the set of exponents of elements of \(\mathcal N\), where \(k_j\geq 0\) is integer-valued, and all but finitely many are zero. Write \(n(\nu) = \prod_j p_j^{k_j}\), \(F(x)= \sum_{\nu;\, n(\nu)\leq x} f(\nu)\), \[ \widehat F(x) = \int_{1-}^\infty x^{-s} \,dF(x) = \sum_{j=0}^\infty f(n_j) n_j^{-s}, \qquad\text{for } \sigma =\Re(s) > 1. \] It is assumed that, for certain reals \(\rho_1 < \rho_2 < \dots < \rho_m\), where \(\rho = \rho_m \geq 1\) and all the \(\rho_r \not= 0\), \[ N(x) = \sum_{\nu,\, n(\nu) \leq x} 1 = x \cdot \sum_{r=1}^m A_r (\log x)^{\rho_r -1} + O (x \log^{-\gamma}x), \;\gamma>0.\tag{\(*\)} \] The author proves a generalized version of Halász' theorem. (1) If there are a complex \(c\), a real \(\alpha\) and \(\tau >0\), and a slowly oscillating function \(L\) with \(| L(u)| =1\), so that \[ F(x) = {{c \, x^{1+i\alpha} (\log x)^{\tau-1}} \over {\Gamma(\tau)(1+i\alpha)}} \, L(\log x) + o(x \log^{\tau-1}x),\tag{\(**\)} \] then (for \(\sigma \to 1+\), uniformly in \(t\)) \[ \widehat F(s)= {c \over {(s-1-i\alpha)^\tau}} \; L\left({{| s|}\over {\sigma -1}}\right) + o\left({1\over {\sigma -1}}\right).\tag{\(***\)} \] (2) If \((\ast)\) is true with some \(\gamma > \gamma_0\) (depending on \(\rho\) and some other constants entering the assumptions), and if \[ \psi(x) = \sum_{\nu,\, n(\nu) \leq x} \Lambda(\nu) = \left( \rho - 2 \sum_{j=1}^\ell \alpha_j \cos(t_j \log x)\right) \; x +O\left( x (\log x)^{-M} \right), \] then -- under some assumptions on the values \(f(p^j)\) in the mean -- the condition (\(\ast\ast\ast)\) implies \((\ast\ast)\). Here, for \(\rho \geq 2\), the numbers \(1\pm it_j\), \(j=1,\dots,\ell\), where \(\ell \leq {\rho\over2}\), are the possibly existing zeros of \(\zeta(s) = \int_{1-}^\infty x^{-s}\, dN(x)\), of order \(\alpha_j\), on the line \(\Re(s)=1\). Finally (3) if the multiplicative function \(f\) is defined on the positive integers, then -- under some assumptions on the values \(f(p^j)\) in the mean -- condition \((\ast\ast\ast)\) implies \((\ast\ast)\).