Free product decomposition of Galois groups of number fields (Q2574357)

Let \(k\) be a number field and \(S\) be a set of primes of \(k\) such that \(S\) has density 1 and contains the set of primes above a given prime number \(p\) as well as all infinite primes of \(k\); let further \(T_0\) be a finite subset of \(S\) and \(k^{T_0}_S(p)\) the maximal pro-\(p\) extension of \(k\) which is unramified outside \(S\) and completely decomposed at \(T_0\). There is a canonical map \[ \mathop\ast_{{\mathfrak p}\in T_0(k^{T_0}_S(p))}G_{\mathfrak p}(k(p)/k)\ast \mathop\ast_{{\mathfrak p}\not\in S(k^{T_0}_S(p))}T_{\mathfrak p}(k(p)/k)\to G(k(P)/k^{T_0}_S(p)) \] which is shown to be an isomorphism (here \(\ast\) indicates taking free pro-\(p\) products, and \(G_{\mathfrak p}\), \(T_{\mathfrak p}\) are the decomposition and inertia groups, respectively, with respect to an extension of \(\mathfrak p\) to \(k(p)\)). The proof depends on the Grunwald-Wang theorem. Work related to this is [\textit{J. Neukirch}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 259, 1--47 (1973; Zbl 0263.12006); \textit{M. D. Fried, D. Haran}, and \textit{H. Völklein}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 317, No.~11, 995--999 (1993; Zbl 0794.12002); \textit{F. Pop}, Ann. Math. (2) 144, No.~1, 1--34 (1996; Zbl 0862.12003)]; see also \textit{J. Neukirch, A. Schmidt}, and \textit{K. Wingberg}, Cohomology of number fields (Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften 323, Berlin: Springer) (2000; Zbl 0948.11001)].