Computing the equivariant Euler characteristic of Zariski and étale sheaves on curves (Q2575123)

Let \(X/k\) denote a curve over an algebraically closed field \(k\) and let \(G\subset \text{Aut}(X/k)\) denote a finite subgroup for which \(X\rightarrow X/G\) is tamely ramified. If \(E\) is a locally free \(G\)-sheaf then the equivariant Euler characteristic is defined by \[ \chi(G,X,E) = [H^0(X,E)]-[H^1(X,E)], \] where the brackets mean to regard the \(G\)-module as an element of the Grothendieck group \(K_0(G,k)\) of virtual \(k\)-representations. Theorem 1 of this paper is a more explicit version of Borne's formula [\textit{N. Borne}, Can. J. Math. 55, 693--710 (2003; Zbl 1066.14052)], but proven in a different way using the coherent Lefschetz fixed-point formula, which computes \(\chi(G,X,E)\). Fix a prime \(\ell\not= \text{char}(k)\), and let \(F\) denote a constructible \(G\)-equivariant \({\mathbb{F}}_\ell\)-sheaf on the étale site \(X_{\text{ét}}\) associated to \(X\) (instead of Zariski open subsets one considers étale morphisms of finite type). The étale Euler characteristic is defined by \[ \chi_{\text{ét}}(G,X,F) = [H_{\text{ét}}^0(X,F)] -[H_{\text{ét}}^1(X,F)]+[H_{\text{ét}}^2(X,F)], \] as an element of \(K_0(G,{\mathbb{F}}_\ell)\). Theorem 2 of this paper is a computation of \(\chi_{\text{ét}}(G,X,F)\), which may be regarded as a generalization of the Grothendieck-Ogg-Shafarevich formula. A key tool in the proof is the étale Lefschetz fixed-point formula.