Fraïssé limits, Ramsey theory, and topological dynamics of automorphism groups (Q2575145)

The Fraïssé theory concerns structures \(\langle A,\{R^A_i\}_{i\in I},\{f^A_j\}_{j\in J}\rangle\) for a language \(L\) based on countable sets of relation symbols \(R_i\) and function symbols \(f_j\). If \(A\) and \(B\) are structures for \(L\), then \(A\leq B\) means that \(A\) is a substructure of \(B\). A class \(K\) of finite structures for \(L\) satisfying certain conditions is called a Fraïssé class. A class \(K\) is said to have the Ramsey property if for every \(A\leq B\) in \(K\) there is \(C\in K\) with \(B\leq C\) and if \(K\) satisfies a certain additional condition. If the language \(L\) contains a distinguished binary relation symbol \(<\), then a structure \(A\) for \(L\) is called an order structure if \(<^A\) is a linear ordering on \(A\). The authors consider automorphism groups \(\Aut(A)\) of countably infinite structures \(A\). Among other results obtained they show that the extremely amenable closed subgroups of \(S_\infty\) are exactly the groups of the form \(\Aut(A)\), where \(A\) is the Fraïssé limit of Fraïssé order class with the Ramsey property.