Universal algebraic equivalences between tautological cycles on Jacobians of curves (Q2575662)

The author presents a collection of algebraic equivalences between tautological cycles on the Jacobian \(J\) of a curve, i.e., cycles in the subring of the Chow ring of \(J\) generated by the classes of certain standard subvarieties of \(J.\) These equivalences are universal in the sense that they hold for all curves of given genus. He show also that they are compatible with the action of the Fourier transform on tautological cycles and compute this action explicitly. Let \(J\) be the Jacobian of a smooth projective complex curve \(C\) of genus \(g \geq 2.\) For every \(d, 0 \leq d \leq g,\) consider the morphism \(\sigma_{g} : \text{Sym}^{d}C \rightarrow J : D \mapsto O_{C}(D - d p),\) where \(p\) is fixed point on \(C.\) Let us set \(p_{k} = -N^{k}(w) \in \text{CH}^{k}(J)\) for \(k \geq 1,\) where \(N^{k}(w)\) are the Newton polynomials on the classes \(w_{1},\dots , w_{g}.\) Theorem 0.1. (i) Let us define the differential operator \(D\) acting on polynomials in infinitely many variables \(x_{1}, x_{2},\dots \) by setting \[ D = -g \partial_{1} + \frac{1}{2} \sum_{m,n \geq 1} C^{m + n}_{m}x_{m+n-1} \partial_{m} \partial_{n}, \] where \(\partial_{i} = \frac{d}{dx_{i}}.\) Then for every polynomial \(F\) of the form \(F(x_{1}, x_{2},\dots ) = D^{d}(x_{1}^{m_{1}}\dots x_{k}^{m_{k}}),\) where \(m_{1} + 2 m_{2} +\dots + k m_{k} = g,\) \(m_{1} < g\) and \(d \geq 0,\) one has \(F(p_{1}, p_{2},\dots ) = 0,\) in \(\text{CH}^{g-d}(J)_{{\mathbb Q}}/(\text{alg}).\) (ii) Here is another description of the same collection of relations. For every \(k \geq 1,\) every \(n_{1},\dots , n_{k}\) such that \(n_{i} > 1,\) and every \(d\) such that \(0 \leq d \leq k - 1,\) one has \[ \sum_{[1,k]=I_{1}\sqcup I_{2}\sqcup I_{m}} C^{m-1}_{d+m-k} b(I_{1}) \dots b(I_{m}) \times p_{1}^{[g-d-m+k-\sum_{i=1}^{k}n_{i}]} p_{d(I_{1})}\dots p_{d(I_{m})} = 0 \] in \(\text{CH}^{g-d}(J)_{{\mathbb Q}}/(\text{alg}),\) where the summation is over all partitions of the set \([1,k] = \{1,\dots , k\}\) into the disjoint union of nonempty subsets \(I_{1},\dots , I_{m}\) such that \(-d + k \leq m \leq g - d + k - \sum_{i=1}^{k}n_{i}\) (two partitions differing only by the ordering of the parts are considered to be the same); for a subset \(I = \{i_{1},\dots , i_{s} \subset [1,k]\}\) we denote \(b(I) = \frac{(n_{i_{1}} + \dots + n_{i_{s}})!}{n_{i_{1}}!\dots n_{i_{s}}!},\) \(d(I) = n_{i_{1}} + \dots + n_{i_{s}} - s + 1.\)