Injectivity and sections (Q2576914)

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Injectivity and sections
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    Injectivity and sections (English)
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    29 December 2005
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    Let \(\mathcal C\) be a category. A section of a morphism \(f: A \to B\) is a morphism \(g: B \to A\) such that \(fg = 1_B\). An object \(I\) is injective with respect to a class of morphisms \(\mathcal H\) if for any \(h: U \to V\) in \(\mathcal H\) and \(u: U \to I\) there exists an \(s: v \to I\) such that \(sh=u\). A morphism \(f: X \to B\) is \(\mathcal H\)-injective if it is injective in the category of objects over \(B\), i.e., for all \(h: U \to V\), \(u: U \to X\) and \(v: V \to B\) such that \(vh=fu\) and \( h \in \mathcal H\), there is an \(s: V \to X\) such that \(sh=u\) and \(fs=v\). Let \(\prod_B\) be the functor mapping every object \(X\) to the projection map \(X \times B \to B\) as an object over \(B\). The main result (Theorem 1.2) of the paper is that if \(\prod_B\) has a right adjoint \(S\) and the category has finite products then \(f: X \to B\) is injective with respect to the class of regular monomorphisms if and only if (1) the graph map \(X \to X \times B\) is a section (of some map) in the category of objects over \(B\) and (2) the object \(S(f)\) is injective. Sections 2, 3 and 4 are applications of this theorem to partial ordered sets, directed complete partial ordered sets and continuous lattices. Some sample results: In the category of partial ordered sets and monotone functions, \(f: X \to B\) is injective with respect to order-embeddings if and only if the graph map \(X \to X \times B\) is a section (in the category of partially ordered sets over \(B\)) and every fibre of \(f\) is a complete lattice (Theorem 2.1). In the category of directed complete partial ordered sets, injective morphisms with respect to regular monomorphisms are exactly the isomorphisms. In the category of continuous lattices, \(f: X \to B\) is injective with respect to topological embeddings if and only if it is a complete lattice homomorphism (i.e., preserves arbitrary suprema and infima) (part of Theorem 4.6). All the proofs are short and easy to follow.
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    injective morphism
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    section
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    split monomorphism
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    directed complete partial ordered set
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    continuous lattices
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