Necessary conditions for the localization of the spectrum of the Sturm-Liouville problem on a curve (Q2577346)

The eigenvalue problem for the operator generated by the differential expresion \(-y''+V(z)y(z)\) on a \(C^{1}\) convex curve \(\gamma \) in the complex plane, \(\gamma(0)=0\), \(\gamma(1)= 1\), with Dirichlet boundary conditions \(y(0)=y(1)=0\) is considered. One proves that if \(V\in L^{1}(\gamma; \mathbb{C})\) then the spectrum of the operator is discrete and if, additionaly, the eigenvalues \((\lambda_{k})_{k}\) are asymptotically located near a single ray, then this ray is necessarily the positive real semiaxis. Moreover, \(\lambda_{k}\sim k\pi\) as \(k\rightarrow \infty\). An example of potential \(V\) with the property that the spectrum of the generated operator is not asymptotically located near a single ray and an example of such an operator which eigenvalues have all multiplicity equal with \(2\) are given, too.