Elementarity and dimensions (Q2577370)

In 1913, \textit{L. E. J. Brouwer} [J. für Math 142, 146-152 (1913; JFM 44.0555.01)] proposed the first definition of a dimensional invariant suitable to compact metric spaces, called Dimensionsgrad (or Brouwer dimension) and denoted by Dg. In 1999, \textit{V. V. Fedorchuk, M. Levin} and \textit{E. V. Shchepin} [Russ. Math. Surv. 54, No.2, 432-433; translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 54, No.2, 193-194 (1999; Zbl 0995.54032)] established the equality \(\dim X = \text{Dg}X\) for any compact metric space \(X\), where \(\dim X\) denotes the covering dimension of \(X\). It turned out that outside of the class of all compact metric spaces these dimension functions drastically diverge. Recently, \textit{V. V. Fedorchuk} [Math. Notes 73, No.2, 271-279; translation from Mat. Zametki 73, No.2, 295-304 (2003; Zbl 1027.54052)] proved that \(\dim X\leq \text{Dg}X\) for any compact Hausdorff space \(X\). In the paper under review, the author gives a new proof of Fedorchuk's inequality by means of model-theoretic techniques. His proof uses the Wallman representations (see \textit{H. Wallman} [Ann. Math. (2) 39, 112-126 (1938; Zbl 0018.33202)]) of elementary sublattices of the lattice \(2^X\) consisting of all closed sets of given compact Hausdorff space \(X\). Note that a sublattice \(L\) of \(2^X\) is elementary if every lattice equation with parameters from \(L\) which has a solution in \(2^X\) has a solution in \(L\). According to the Löwenheim-Skolem theorem the lattice \(2^X\) contains a countable elementary sublattice, and therefore the Wallman representation of this sublattice is compact and metrizable. Such trick was used first by \textit{K. H. Hart, J. van Mill} and \textit{R. Pol} [Topol. Proc. 25 (Summer), 179--206 (2000; Zbl 1027.54051)]. In fact, the author using that trick reduces his proof to the dimension equality mentioned above. Finally, the author notices that in a similar way (using the Stone-Čech compactification) Vedenissov's inequality see [\textit{N. Vedenissoff}, Moskov. Gos. Univ., Uchenye Zap. 30 (Mat. 3), 131--140 (1939; Zbl 0061.40007)] that \(\dim X\leq \text{Ind}X\) for any normal space \(X\) can be proved.