Eternal solutions of the Boltzmann equation near travelling Maxwellians (Q2577464)

The authors discuss the eternal solutions of the Boltzmann equation. The function \(f(t,x,\xi)\) defined on \((-\infty,+\infty)\times \mathbb R^3\times \mathbb R^3\) is an eternal solution of the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann equation if it satisfies this equation for all \((t,x,\xi)\). It is known that both global Maxwellians and travelling Maxwellians are eternal solutions. \textit{C. Villani} [Handbook of mathematical fluid dynamics. Vol. 1. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 71--305 (2002; Zbl 1170.82369)] has conjectured that except for Maxwell's distributions, the nonlinear Boltzmann equation has no other type of positive eternal solutions with finite kinetic energy. The results of the reviewed article give a negative answer to Villani's conjecture in the spatially inhomogeneous case.