Lie symmetries of quasihomogeneous polynomial planar vector fields and certain perturbations (Q2577873)

Consider \(p,q\) and \(\ell\) positive integers. Recall that an autonomous differential equation \[ dx/dt=P(x,y),\quad dy/dt=Q(x,y), \] is called \(p-q\) quasi-homogeneous of weighted degree \(\ell,\) if for any \(\alpha\in{\mathbb R}\setminus\{0\},\) \(P(\alpha^px,\alpha^qy)=\alpha^{p+\ell}P(x,y)\) and \(Q(\alpha^px,\alpha^qy)=\alpha^{q+\ell}P(x,y).\) Let \(X=P(x,y)\partial/\partial x+ Q(x,y)\partial/\partial y \) the vector field associated to the above differential equation. By using that \(Y=px\partial/\partial x+ qy\partial/\partial y \) is the generator of a Lie symmetry of \(X\) it follows that \(qyP(x,y)-pxQ(x,y)\) is an inverse integrating factor of \(X.\) The authors provide a constructive way of finding a \(1\)-parametric family of inverse integrating factors of \(X\) and show that one of these functions is the one associated to the Lie symmetry generated by \(Y.\) Finally, they extend their results to the differential equation \[ dx/dt=P(x,y)+pxA(x,y),\quad dy/dt=Q(x,y)+qyA(x,y), \] where \(P(x,y)\) and \(Q(x,y)\) are as above and \(A(x,y)\) is a \(p-q\) quasi-homogeneous polynomial.