Leavitt \(R\)-algebras over countable graphs embed into \(L_{2,R}\). (Q258229)

Let \(R\) be commutative ring \(R\) with unit and \(P_2\) the two-petal rose graph. Denote by \(L_{2,R}\) the Leavitt path algebra of \(P_2\). In this work it is proved that the Leavitt path algebra \(L_R(E)\) of a graph \(E\) embeds into \(L_{2,R}\) precisely when \(E\) is countable. Before proving this result, it is proved a generalized Cuntz-Krieger Uniqueness Theorem for Leavitt path algebras over \(R\): Let \(E\) be a graph, \(R\) a commutative ring with unit, and \(\varphi\) a ring homomorphism of \(L_R(E)\) into a ring \(S\). Then \(\varphi\) is injective if and only if the following conditions are satisfied: (1) \(\varphi(rv)\neq 0\) for all \(v\in E_0\) and all \(r\in R\setminus\{0\}\); and (2) \(\varphi(q(\alpha))\neq 0\) for all cycles \(\alpha\) without an exit, and all nonzero polynomials \(q\in R[x]\).