Comparing the regular and the restricted regular semidirect products. (Q2583585)

For e-varieties \(\mathcal{U,V}\) of regular semigroups, two important versions of the semidirect product have been considered in the literature: the regular semidirect product \({\mathcal U}*_r{\mathcal V}\) defined by \textit{P. R. Jones} and \textit{P. G. Trotter} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 349, No. 11, 4265-4310 (1997; Zbl 0892.20037)] and the restricted regular semidirect product \({\mathcal U}*_{rr}{\mathcal V}\) introduced by the first author and \textit{L. Polák} [Acta Sci. Math. 63, No. 3-4, 405-435 (1997; Zbl 0906.20043)]. In general, both these operations are partial but both are defined whenever \(\mathcal V\) is contained in the e-variety \(\mathcal{CS}\) of all completely simple semigroups in which case one has the inclusion \({\mathcal U}*_{rr}{\mathcal V}\subseteq{\mathcal U}*_r{\mathcal V}\) for any \(\mathcal U\). It was known that even for \({\mathcal U}={\mathcal S}\), the e-variety of all semilattices, the above inclusion can be strict for some choices of \({\mathcal V}\) while can be equality for some other ones. The authors show that for each e-variety \(\mathcal V\) which contains all rectangular bands and is properly contained in \(\mathcal{CS}\), the inclusion \({\mathcal S}*_{rr}{\mathcal V}\subset{\mathcal S}*_r{\mathcal V}\) is strict (Theorem~3.8). On the other hand, under the same restrictions to \(\mathcal V\), they prove, for each integer \(q>1\), the strict inclusion \({\mathcal S}*_r{\mathcal V}\subset{\mathcal S}*_{rr}({\mathcal A}_q\circ{\mathcal V})\) where \({\mathcal A}_q\) stands for the variety of all Abelian groups of exponent dividing \(q\) and \(\circ\) denotes the Mal'cev product (Corollary~3.12). The authors consider also the e-pseudovariety situation that turns out to be different from the e-variety one, for instance, they present examples showing that no e-pseudovariety analogue of Theorem~3.8 holds. They are able, however, to establish a finitary version of the classical result by \textit{F. Pastijn} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 273, 631-655 (1982; Zbl 0512.20042)]: the (restricted or not) regular semidirect product of the e-pseudovariety of all finite semilattices with the e-pseudovariety of all finite completely simple semigroups coincides with class of all finite locally inverse semigroups (Theorem~4.6).