Multipliers and Hadamard products in the vector-valued setting (Q258951)

A couple of new and in a sense dual structures -- a product space and a space of multipliers -- is introduced. Given a bounded bilinear map \(B:E_1 \times E_2 \to E_3\), the space of \(B\)-multipliers \((X_{E_2},X_{E_3})_B\) between \(X_{E_2}\) and \(X_{E_3}\) is defined and studied. Here, \(X_{E_i}\), \(i=1,2,3\), are Banach spaces continuously contained in the spaces of \(E_i\)-valued sequences. The elements of \((X_{E_2},X_{E_3})_B\) are sequences \((\lambda_j)_j \in X_{E_1}\) such that \((B(\lambda_j,x(j)))_j \in X_{E_3}\) for all \((x(j))_j \in X_{E_2}\). The complementary structure is also defined and analyzed. It is called the Hadamard projective tensor product \(X_{E_1} \circledast_B X_{E_2}\), and is composed by the elements of \(E_3^{\mathbb N}\) that can be written as \(\sum_n \sum_j B(x_n(j),y_n(j))\), where \((x_n(j))_j \in X_{E_1}\) and \((y_n(j))_j \in X_{E_2}\), and \[ \sum_{n} \|x_n\|_{X_{E_1}} \|y_n\|_{X_{E_2}} < \infty. \] The motivation comes from some previous work of one of the authors on some properties of spaces of analytic functions. In the present paper, these in a sense dual structures (multipliers and Hadamard products) are analyzed in an abstract way. A natural requirement that the authors call \(\mathcal{S}(E)\)-admissibility is considered: the sequence Banach space \(X_E\) must be continuously included in the locally convex space defined by the seminorms given by the evaluation of the norm of the coordinates of the sequences in \(E\) defining the space, and \(E\) must be included continuously in each coordinate of the space. It is shown that a lot of known constructions can be fitted into the provided scheme, since for usual spaces the \(\mathcal{S}(E)\)-admissibility requirement is satisfied. Examples involving strongly, weakly and Rademacher-type summable sequences and usual Banach spaces are given, and some characterization of the admissibility property is also provided. In Section 3, given a bilinear map \(B:E \times E_1 \to E_2\), requirements for the spaces of multipliers \((X_{E_1},X_{E_2})_B\) to be admissible are shown, under the assumption of admissibility of the spaces \(X_{E_1}\) and \(X_{E_2}\) and some norming property for \(B\) (Theorem 3.3). More examples and applications are given in this section. In Section 4, the \(B\)-Hadamard tensor product defined above is studied intensively. Theorem 4.3 gives conditions under which the \(B\)-Hadamard tensor product is \(\mathcal S(E)\)-admissible. After some technical results, the authors finally show in Theorem 4.7 that spaces of multipliers and the Hadamard tensor product provide ``dual'' structures, in the following sense. Theorem 4.7. Let \(X_{E_1}\), \(X_{E_2}\), \(X_{E_3}\) be admissible spaces. Then \[ (X_{E_1} \circledast X_{E_2}, X_{E_3}) = (X_{E_1}, (X_{E_2},X_{E_3})). \] Interesting examples and applications are also given in Section 5, showing that the abstract construction gives in fact a lot of useful information. For example, Proposition 5.3 yields that, for suitable \(1 \leq p,q,r \leq \infty\) with \(0 < 1/p + 1/q= 1/r < 1,\) we have that \[ \ell^p(E_1) \circledast \ell^q(E_2)= \ell^r (E_1 \hat{\otimes}_\pi E_2). \] The paper is original and provides new mathematical tools.