Extensions of the modular group (Q260307)

The author notes that there are different definitions of the extended modular group \(\Gamma_0\) in the literature. He introduces the group \(\Gamma_0\) as the abstract group defined by the presentation \(\langle U, V, W:U^2 = V^2 = W^2 = (UV)^2 = (VW)^3 = I \rangle\). Here, he focusses on the modular group \(\Gamma\), i.e., the group of all Möbius maps \[ g(z) = \frac{az+b}{cz+ d}; \, a, b, c, d \in \mathbb{Z}, ad - bc = 1. \] He gives an overview of related subjects and of the relevant literature. Some of the topics considered are the inversive modular group, the group \(\mathrm{PGL}(2,\mathbb{Z})\), the hyperbolic space and its isometries.