A recursion formula for the polynomial solutions of a partial differential equation. (Q2607752)
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English | A recursion formula for the polynomial solutions of a partial differential equation. |
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A recursion formula for the polynomial solutions of a partial differential equation. (English)
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1936
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Verf. leitet unter Benutzung eines Ergebnisses von \textit{N. Spampinato} (Intorno ad una proprietà delle equazioni differenziali omogenee a coefficienti costanti, Atti Accad. naz. Lincei, Rend., Cl. Sci. fis. mat. nat. (6) 21 (1935), 73-76; F. d. M. 61\(_{\text{II}}\)) in \(x\), \(y\) homogene Polynome als Lösungen der Differentialgleichung \[ \frac {\partial ^n}{\partial x^n}\,f-\sum _{\nu =1}^n a_\nu \, \frac {\partial ^n}{\partial x^{\nu -n}\,\partial y^\nu}\,f=0 \] ab. Ist \(A\) die Matrix \[ \left\|\begin{matrix}\;\l&\;\l&&\;\\ 0 &1 &0 \;\;\;0 \;\;\cdot \;\cdot &\cdot \\ 0 &0 &1 \;\;\;0 \;\;\cdot \;\cdot &\cdot \\ \,\cdot &\,\cdot &\cdot \;\;\;\cdot \;\;\,\cdot \;\,\cdot &\cdot \\ \,\cdot &\,\cdot &\cdot \;\;\;\cdot \;\;\,\cdot \;\,\cdot &\cdot \\ a_n &a_{n-1} &\cdot \;\;\;\cdot \;\;\,\cdot \;\,\cdot &\;a_1 \end{matrix} \,\right\|, \] \(J\) die Einheitsmatrix und \[ (Ax+Jy)^k = p_1^{(k)}J+p_2^{(k)}A+\cdots +p_n^{(k)}A^{n-1}, \] so ist \(p_1^{(1)}= y\), \(p_2^{(1)}= x\), \(p_i^{(1)}= 0\) für \(i = 2, 3 \ldots \), und der Vektor \[ v_k\,\bigl(p_1^{(k)}, p_2^{(k)},\ldots,p_n^{(k)}\bigr) \] erfüllt die Rekursionsformel \[ v_{k+1}=v_k\,(Ax+Jy); \] damit sind die \(p_i^{(k)}\) (\(k > 1\)) und der Vektor \(v_k\) rasch bestimmbar. Die Lösungen der obigen Differentialgleichung vom Grade \(k\) sind: \[ \sum _{i=1}^n c_i p_i^{(k)}\quad (c_1,c_2,\ldots,c_n \text{ \;beliebig}). \]
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