Infinitely many multi-pulses near a bifocal cycle (Q260938)

There is currently a big open problem in the literature, which concerns the study of heteroclinic cycles involving a bifocus, commonly known as \textit{bifocal cycles}. This problem is studied nowadays, but came from the late 60's, appearing firstly in the works of Shilnikov, who proved the existence of a countable number of periodic orbits in their neighborhood. Later, the works of \textit{A. C. Fowler} and \textit{C. T. Sparrow} [Nonlinearity 4, No. 4, 1159--1182 (1991; Zbl 0741.34017)] and \textit{C. Laing} and \textit{P. Glendinning} [Physica D 102, No. 1--2, 1--14 (1997; Zbl 0887.34031)] presented how solutions were formed and how they bifurcated near these bifocal cycles, using the well-known method of the Poincaré map and cross-sections. In this paper, the author studies the behaviour of a four dimensional \(C^2\) reversible vector field whose flow is defined for all real times and has a bifocal cycle, involving two symmetric equilibria, one being a real saddle (with non-trivial stable and unstable manifolds) and the other being a bifocus. He presents his results using additional hypothesis on \(f\) and the equilibria, and also using reversing symmetries. With these hypothesis, the author proves the existence of an infinite number of pulses -- which are periodic solutions intersecting cross-sections of the heteroclinic structure a fixed given number of times before closing. Such pulses give rise to a comples network on \(\mathbb R^4\). It is worth to mention that none of the required hypothesis forces the flow to be divergence-free, which makes the proofs very difficult and interesting.