On the sub poly-harmonic property for solutions to \((- \Delta)^p u < 0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) (Q2627845)

This note is devoted to consequences of the knowledge of classical solutions of the differential inequality \((-\Delta)^p u <0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) with \(p \geq 2\) and \(n \geq 2\). This study is motivated by the study of positive classical solutions of the elliptic equation \((-\Delta)^p u + u^{-q}=0,\,q>0\), in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). More precisely, the author is interested in conditions implying \((-\Delta)^k u <0\) for some \(k <p\) for functions \(u \in C^{2p}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) satisfying \((-\Delta)^p u <0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). The main result contains such a statement for \(k=p-1\) under the assumption \[ \limsup_{|x| \to \infty} \frac{(-1)^{p-1} u(x)}{|x|^{2p-2}} \leq 0. \] This result allows to prove the sub poly-harmonic property of a given classical solution of \((-\Delta)^p u <0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), that is, the above statement is true for \(k=1,\dots, p-1\). The author proves this property {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] for all lower bounded \(C^{2p}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) solutions of \((-\Delta)^p u <0\) having the asymptotical behavior \(u(x)=o(|x|^4)\) at infinity, \item[2.] for all \(C^{2p}(\mathbb{R}^n)\) solutions of \((-\Delta)^p u <0\) having the asymptotical behavior \(u(x)=o(|x|^2)\) at infinity. \end{itemize}} Finally, some remarks on the super poly-harmonic property of solutions to \((-\Delta)^p u=e^{2pu}\) and \((-\Delta)^p u=u^{q}\), \(q>0\), complete this note.