New norm equalities and inequalities for operator matrices (Q2629137)

In this paper, the following two inequalities are generalized to \(2\times 2\) operator matrices: \[ \|M+N\|^r \leq 2^{r-2}(\| |M|^{2r\alpha}+|N|^{2r\alpha}\| + \| |M^*|^{2r(1-\alpha)}+|N^*|^{2r(1-\alpha)}\|),\tag{1} \] \[ \omega^r(M+N) \leq 2^{r-2} \| |M|^{2r\alpha}+ |M^*|^{2r(1-\alpha)}+|N|^{2r\alpha}+ |N^*|^{2r(1-\alpha)}\|,\tag{2} \] where \(M, N\) are linear bounded operators on a complex separable Hilbert space, \(0< \alpha < 1\), \(r\geq 1\), \(\|\cdot\|\) is the operator norm, and \(\omega(\cdot)\) is the numerical radius. Remark: The proofs are given in Section 3 instead of Section 2, which contains some preliminary lemmas. A numerical radius equality for a special \(5\times 5\) tridiagonal operator matrix is also presented.