Rational approximation of functions in Hardy spaces (Q2629814)

Let \(H^p(C_k)\) (\(k=\pm 1\)) be the Hardy space in the half plane \(C_k=\{z=x+iy:ky>0\}\). \textit{J. B. Garnett} [Bounded analytic functions. New York etc.: Academic Press (1981; Zbl 0469.30024)] showed that the class \(U_N\) of analytic functions satisfying some smoothness conditions are dense in \(H^p(C_{+1})\) for \(0<p<\infty\) and \(pN>1\), where \(N\) is a positive integer. In this paper the class \(U_N\) is replaced by the family of rational functions \(R_N(\alpha)\) and it is shown that \(R_N(\alpha)\) is contained in the class \(U_N\) for some \(\mathrm{Im\,}\alpha>0\), where \(\alpha\) is a complex number. In particular, it is proved that \(R_N(i)\) and \(R_N(-i)\) are dense in \(H^p(C_{+1})\) and \(H^p(C_{-1})\), respectively. The functions in \(L^p(R)\), \(0<p<1\), are decomposed into the sum of corresponding Hardy space functions in \(H^p_{+1}(R)\) and in \(H^p_{-1}(R)\) through rational atoms. For the uniqueness of the above decomposition a straightforward proof of the results of \textit{A. B. Aleksandrov} [Math. USSR, Sb. 35, 301--316 (1979; Zbl 0426.30005)] and \textit{J. A. Cima} and \textit{W. T. Ross} [The backward shift on the Hardy space. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2000; Zbl 0952.47029)] is given by using the Fourier transform of tempered distributions. In the latter, the Fourier spectrum results obtained for \(1\leq p<\infty\) in [\textit{T. Qian}, J. Integral Equations Appl. 17, No. 2, 159--198 (2005; Zbl 1086.30035)] are extended to \(0<p<1\).