Projection of a nonsingular plane quintic curve and the dihedral group of order eight (Q2630365)

Let \(C\) be a nonsingular plane curve over the complex numbers, \(\pi_p:C\rightarrow\mathbb P^1\) its projection from a point \(P\) in the plane, \(K\) the rational functions field of \(C\) and \(K_p\) its subfield \(\pi_p^\ast(\mathbb C(\mathbb P^1))\). Let \(L_p\) be the Galois closure of \(K/K_p\) and \(\mathrm{Gal}(L_p/K_p)\) the Galois group of \(L_p/K_p\). In the present paper the author considers points \(P\) on the curve \(C\) where \(C\) is a nonsingular plane quintic, and the Galois group is isomorphic to the dihedral group of order 8, \(D_4\). In [\textit{F. Cukierman}, Mat. Contemp. 16, 9--30 (1999; Zbl 1027.14006)] it was shown that if \(C\) is a general plane curve of degree \(d\) and \(P\) a point in the complement of \(C\) then the Galois group is isomorphic to the symmetric group on \(d\) letters. For results on non general plane curves see [\textit{K. Miura} and \textit{H. Yoshihara}, J. Algebra 226, No. 1, 283--294 (2000; Zbl 0983.11067)] and [\textit{H. Yoshihara}, J. Algebra 239, No. 1, 340--355 (2001; Zbl 1064.14023)]. For points \(P\) on the curve \(C\) where the extension \(K/K_p\) is Galois, Miura and Yoshihara have shown that the Galois group \(\mathrm{Gal}(K/K_p)\) is a cyclic group. In the main theorem of this paper the author shows that the number of such points \(P\) with Galois group isomorphic to the dihedral group of order 8 is 0, 1, 3, 5, or 15. Furthermore, he shows that if there are 3 or 5 such points they they are collinear. In the case of 15 such points \(C\) is projectively equivalent to the Fermat quintic [\textit{K. Miura}, Algebra Colloq. 9, No. 3, 303--312 (2002; Zbl 1058.14044)].