Cut-and-join equation for monotone Hurwitz numbers revisited (Q2633465)

In the paper under review, the authors provide a \textit{new proof} of the cut and join equation for the monotone Hurwitz numbers. For a partition $\mu \vdash d$ we denote by $\ell(\mu)$ its length and by $\mu_{1} \geq ... \geq \mu_{\ell(\mu)}$ its parts. We associate to $\mu$ a Young diagram that we denote also by $\mu$, whose boxes have row coordinates from $1$ to $\ell(\mu)$ and the column coordinates in the ith row from $1$ to $\mu_{i}$. By $|\mu|$ we denote the number of boxes, that is $|\mu| := d$. A disconnected monotone Hurwitz number depends on a partition $\mu \vdash d$ of a positive integer $d$ (the degree) and on a genus $g - \mathbb{Z}$ that can be, potentially, negative, but the parameter $b = 2g-2+d+\ell(\mu)$ must be non-negative. This is given by \[ H^{\bullet}_{g, \mu} = \sum_{\lambda \vdash d} \frac{ \text{dim} \lambda}{d!} \frac{\chi_{\lambda}(\mu)}{\prod_{i=1}^{\ell(\mu)} \mu_{i}}h_{2g-2+d+\ell(\mu)}(cr_{1}^{\lambda}, ..., cr_{d}^{\lambda}). \] Here $h_{2g-2+d+ \ell(\mu)} = h_{b}$ is the full homogeneous symmetric function of its variables of degree $b = 2g - 2 + d + \ell(\mu)$, $cr^{\lambda}$ is the vector of contents of the standard Young tableau associated to the diagram $\lambda$ -- if $c_i$ and $r_i$ are the column and the row indices of the box $i$, then $cr^{\lambda}_{i} := c_i - r_i$, $\text{dim} \, \lambda$ is the dimension of the representation $\lambda$, and by $\chi_{\lambda}(\mu)$ one denotes the character of the representation $\lambda$ evaluated at the conjugacy class of cycle type $\mu$. \par The generating function for the disconnected monotone Hurwitz numbers is defined as \[ \mathcal{Z}(s, t, \mathbf{p}) = \sum_{d\geq 1, \, \mu \, \vdash d, \, b\geq 0, \, g} \frac{s^{d}}{d!} t^{b} H^{\bullet}_{g,\mu} p_{\mu_{1}} \cdot\cdot\cdot p_{\mu_{\ell(\mu)}}, \] where $g: = \frac{b-d-\ell(\mu)}{2} \in \mathbb{Z}$. \par Main Result (Cut and join equation). \[ \frac{1}{2t} \bigg[s \frac{\partial}{\partial s} - sp_{1} \bigg] \mathcal{Z} = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{i,j=1}^{\infty} \bigg[(i+j)p_{i}p_{j} \frac{\partial}{\partial p_{i+j}} + ijp_{i+j} \frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial p_{i} \partial p_{j}}\bigg] \mathcal{Z}. \]