On the theorem of the three perpendiculars (Q2634600)

In the paper under review, the authors consider the following well-known elementary theorem, the so-called theorem of the three perpendiculars: Assume the point \(x\) is outside the plane \(\Pi\) and the line \(\Lambda\) is included in \(\Pi\); if \(xy\) is orthogonal to \(\Pi\), with \(y \in \Pi \setminus \Lambda \), and \(yz\) is orthogonal to \(\Lambda\), with \(z \in\Lambda\), then \(xz\) is orthogonal to \(\Lambda\). In fact, they give two new proofs for it also in the spherical and hyperbolic spaces using their standard models.