Geometry of the arithmetic site (Q2634783)

The paper is the part of a program to prove the Riemann Hypothesis initiated in [\textit{J. B. Bost} and \textit{A. Connes}, Sel. Math., New Ser. 1, No. 3, 411--457 (1995; Zbl 0842.46040)]. Namely, it was shown earlier that the Riemann zeta function can be recovered from a non-commutative \(C^*\)-algebra related to the quotient space \({\mathbb A}_{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}^{\times}\), where \({\mathbb A}_{\mathbb{Q}}\) is the ring of adèles of the field \(\mathbb{Q}\) and \(\mathbb{Q}^{\times}\) is the group of invertible elements of \({\mathbb A}_{\mathbb{Q}}\), i.e. the idèles of \(\mathbb{Q}\). On the other hand, in algebraic geometry each arithmetic variety \(V\) comes with the Hasse-Weil \(L\)-function attached to \(V\). Roughly speaking, to bridge the \(C^*\)-approach to the zeta function with the Hasse-Weil \(L\)-function, the authors introduce a substitute to the variety \(V\) called an arithmetic site \((\widehat {\mathbb N}^{\times}, \mathbb{Z}_{\max})\). To define the \((\widehat {\mathbb N}^{\times}, \mathbb{Z}_{\max})\) one needs a portion of tropical geometry, but the upshot is that the Hasse-Weil \(L\)-function of variety \((\widehat {\mathbb N}^{\times}, \mathbb{Z}_{\max})\) coincides with the Riemann zeta function. To keep it simple, the main result of the paper says that the arithmetic site \((\widehat {\mathbb N}^{\times}, \mathbb{Z}_{\max})\) is a proper arithmetic model of the analytic space \({\mathbb A}_{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}^{\times}\), where the action of Frobenius endomorphisms can be explicitly described. A draft of the paper is available at \url{arXiv:1502.05580}.