On the generalized Wintgen inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space forms (Q2637056)

In [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. A 288, 993--995 (1979; Zbl 0421.53003)] \textit{P. Wintgen} proved that the Gauss curvature \(K\), the squared mean curvature \(\|H\|^2\) and the normal curvature \(K^\perp\) of any surface \(M^2\) in \(\mathbb E^4\) always satisfy the inequality \[ K\leqslant\|H\|^2-|K^\perp| \] and that equality holds if and only if the ellipse of curvature of \(M^2\) in \(\mathbb E^4\) is a circle. In [Arch. Math., Brno 35, No. 2, 115--128 (1999; Zbl 1054.53075)] \textit{P. J. De Smet} et al. formulated the following conjecture on the Wintgen inequality which is also known as the ``DDVV conjecture'': Let \(f:M^n\to \widetilde{M}^{n+m}(c)\) be an isometric immersion, where \(\widetilde{M}^{n+m}(c)\) is a real space form of constant sectional curvature \(c\). Then \[ \rho\leqslant\|H\|^2-\rho^\perp+c\,, \] where \(\rho\) is the normalized scalar curvature (intrinsic invariant) and \(\rho^\perp\) is the normalized normal scalar curvature (extrinsic invariant). In the reviewed paper the author obtains the DDVV inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space forms. Let \(\widetilde{M}^m(4c)\) be a complex space form of constant holomorphic sectional curvature \(4c\) and \(J\) its standard complex structure. A submanifold \(M^n\) is called a totally real submanifold if \(J(T_pM^n)\subset T_p^\perp M^n\) at any point \(p\in M^n\). In particular, a totally real submanifold of maximum dimension \((n=m)\) is called a Lagrangian submanifold. The author proves the following inequality for a Lagrangian submanifold \(M^n\): \[ (\rho^\perp)^2\leqslant(\|H\|^2-\rho+c)^2+\frac{4}{n(n-1)}(\rho-c)c+\frac{2c^2}{n(n-1)}\,. \] A submanifold \(M^n\) of \(\widetilde{M}^m(4c)\) is said to be a slant submanifold if for any point \(p\in M^n\) and any nonzero vector \(X\in T_pM^n\), the angle between \(JX\) and \(T_pM^n\) is a constant \(\theta\). For a \(\theta\)-slant submanifold \(M^n\) the author shows the following DDVV inequality: \[ \|H\|^2\geqslant\rho+\rho_N-c-\frac{3c}{n-1}\cos^2\theta\,, \] where \(\rho_N\) is the normalized scalar normal curvature of \(M^n\).