Lyapunov and Sacker-Sell spectral intervals (Q2641355)

Consider a linear homogeneous system of differential equations, \[ x'=B(t)x,\quad t\geq 0, \] where the matrix \(B\) is bounded and continuous. The authors show that if \(B\) is upper triangular (which can be achieved by factorization), then the following statements hold. The Lyapunov spectrum can be calculated in terms of integral averages of the diagonal entries of \(B\) if either the diagonal entries are integrally separated or a kind of stability condition holds for nonintegrally separated diagonal entries. The Sacker-Sell spectrum of the system coincides with that of the corresponding purely diagonal system. Several instructive examples are considered.