Bifurcation of homoclinic orbits with saddle-center equilibrium (Q2641575)

The paper presents new global perturbation techniques for detecting the persistence of transversal homoclinic orbits in general nondegenerate systems with action-angle variables: \[ \begin{aligned} \dot z&=f(z,I)+\varepsilon g^z(z,I,\theta ,\lambda ,\varepsilon ),\\ \dot I&=\varepsilon g^I(z,I,\theta ,\lambda ,\varepsilon ),\\ \dot \theta &=\omega, \end{aligned} \tag{1} \] where \((z,I,\theta )\in\mathbb R^n\times\mathbb R^m\times\mathbb T^l\), \(\lambda\in\mathbb R^k\), \(0\leq\varepsilon\ll 1\), \(| \lambda| \ll 1\), and \(g^z\),\(g^I\) are \(2\pi\)-periodic in \(\theta\). The unperturbed system (\(\varepsilon =0\)) is assumed to have a saddle-center type equilibrium whose stable and unstable manifolds intersect in a one dimensional manifold, and is not completely integrable or near-integrable. By constructing local coordinate systems near the unperturbed homoclinic orbit, conditions for the existence of a transversal homoclinic orbit are obtained. Conditions for the existence of periodic orbits bifurcating from the homoclinic orbit are also given.