Abstract duality Sawyer formula and its applications (Q2642320)

The main subject of this paper is to present some general results on duality and Banach envelopes of a large class of symmetric quasi-Banach spaces. Many classical results for \(L_p\)-spaces are extended within this more abstract setting, providing a unified and general approach as well as simplifying many of the proofs of the classical cases. The main contents of the paper is as follows. An abstract duality formula, a general form of Sawyer's characterization of the reverse Hölder inequality for \(L_p\)-spaces, \(1 < p < \infty\), in function ideals is proved, based on Boyd's interpolation theorem by showing that a certain averaging operator is bounded. This formula is then applied to a characterization of Köthe duals of rearrangement invariant (r.i.)\ function lattices. A duality formula for \(1\)-concave quasi-Banach function lattices is shown and it is employed to characterize Banach envelopes of r.i.\ quasi-Banach lattices in terms of certain Lorentz spaces. As applications of the duality formulas to quasi-normed Orlicz--Lorentz spaces, a description of their Köthe duals and of their Banach envelopes is presented. The conditions for normability as well as for boundedness of Hardy--Littlewood maximal operators are also given in some class of Orlicz--Lorentz spaces.