On the first positive Neumann eigenvalue (Q2642807)

This paper provides a nice counterexample to the domain monotonicity for Neumann eigenvalues. More precisely, it is proved that the first Neumann eigenvalue on the domain \[ \{x\in \mathbb R^2: | x| \in (1\land a, 1\lor a)\} \] for \(a>0\) is decreasing in \(a\), and tends to \(1\) as \(a\to 1.\) The first Neumann eigenvalue on domains under graphs of functions are also studied.