Multiplicity theorems for periodic systems with a \(p\)-Laplacian-like operator (Q2643456)

Consider the nonlinear periodic system \[ \begin{cases} (a(t,u'(t)))' + \partial j(t,u(t)) \ni 0 & \text{ for a.a. \(t\in (0,T),\)}\\ u(0) = u(T),\quad u'(0) = u'(T). \end{cases} \tag{1} \] Here, \( a:(0,T)\times \mathbb{R}^{N}\to 2^{\mathbb{R}^{N}}\) is a set-valued map and \(\partial j(t,z)\) is the generalized subdifferential of a generally locally Lipschitz potential \(z\to j(t,z)\). The multivalued term \((a(t,u'(t)))'\) is interpreted as follows \[ (a(t,u'(t)))' =\{v'\in L^{q}((0,T);\mathbb{R}^{N}),\;v(t) \in a(t,u'(t)) \text{\;for a.a. \(t\in (0,T)\)}\}, \] where \(1/p + 1/q =1.\) Here, the derivative \(v'\) is understood in the sense of distributions. By a solution of problem (1) is meant a function \(u\in C^{1}([0,T];\mathbb{R}^{N})\) such that \(v'(t) = -u^{*}(t)\) for a.a. \(t\in (0,T)\), with \(v'\in (a(\cdot,u'(\cdot)))'\) and \(u^{*}\in L^{q}((0,T);\mathbb{R}^{N}), u^{*}\in \partial j(t,u(t))\) for almost all \(t\in (0,T).\) The paper studies the existence of solutions of problem (1).