A Sobolev-type upper bound for rates of approximation by linear combinations of Heaviside plane waves (Q2643849)

For \(d\) odd, let \(f\) be an \( {\mathbb R}^d \to {\mathbb R}\) function, having continuous partial derivatives \(D^\alpha f(x)\) vanishing as \(| x| \to \infty\) if \(| \alpha| <d\) and satisfying, with some \(\varepsilon >0\), \(D^\alpha f(x)\| x\| ^{d+1+\varepsilon}\to 0\) if \(| \alpha| =d\). Let further \(\theta\) be the Heaviside function, \(\theta(x)=1\) if \( x \geq 0\), \(\theta (x)=0\) if \(x <0\) and let \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^d\) be an arbitrary domain of unit Lebesgue measure. Then for any natural \(n\) and \(i=1, \ldots , n\) there exist real numbers \(b_i, C_i\) and \(d\)-dimensional vectors \(e_i\) such that for \(x \in {\mathbb R}^d\), \(g(x)=\sum_{i=1}^n C_i \theta (v_i \cdot x +b_i)\) one has \[ \| f -g\| _{L_2(\Omega)}\leq k_d \| f\| _{d,1,\infty}n^{-1/2}, \] where \(k_d=2^{1-d}\pi^{1-d/2}d^{d/2}/\Gamma(d/2)\), \(\| f\| _{d,1,\infty}=\max_{| \alpha| =d}\| D^\alpha f\| _{L_1({\mathbb R}^d)}.\) Applications to \(f(x)=\exp(-\| x\| ^2)\) are given.