Pullback attractors for nonautonomous reaction-diffusion equations in unbounded domains (Q2644018)

Existence of the \((L^2(\mathbb{R}^n),L^2(\mathbb{R}^n))\)-pullback attractor and \((L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n),H^1(\mathbb{R}^n))\)-pullback attractor is proved for the process associated with the solutions of the following equation: \[ \frac {\partial u}{\partial t}-\nu\Delta u+\lambda u+f(u)=g(x,t)\text{ in } [\tau,\infty)\times\mathbb{R}^n\tag{1} \] with initial data \[ u(\tau,x)=u_0(x) \quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^n, \] where \(\nu\) and \(\lambda\) are positive constants, \(g\in L^2_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R},L^2(\mathbb{R}^n))\) and the nonlinear function \(f\) satisfies some assumptions. The definition of \((X,Y)\)-pullback attractor for the process \(U\), where \(X\) and \(Y\) are Banach spaces, is the following: A family of sets \({\mathcal A}=\{A(t) \}_{t\in \mathbb{R}} \subset X\) is said to be a \((X,Y)\)-pullback attractor for the process \(U\) defined on \(X\), if (1) for any \(t\in\mathbb{R}\), \(A(t)\) is closed in \(X\) and compact in \(Y\), (2) \(U(t,\tau)A(\tau)=A(t)\) for any \(\tau\leq t\); (3) for any bounded subset \(D\subset X\), \[ \lim_{\tau\to-\infty}\text{dist}_Y(U(t, \tau)D,A(t))=0\quad\text{for any }t\in\mathbb{R}. \]