Planar Ising correlations. (Q2644263)

The book is devoted to a study of the correlation functions for the two-dimensional Ising model on \({\mathbb Z}^2\). It contains six chapters and two appendices. Chapter 1 applies functional analysis to show that the infinite volume Ising correlations for plus boundary conditions below critical temperature \(T_{\text{c}}\) are Fock expectations of spin operators in an infinite-spin representation of the orthogonal group. Kramers-Wannier duality in an incarnation due to Kadanoff and Ceva is used to give a representation of the spin correlations above \(T_{\text{c}}\) as correlations of disorder operators in the Fock space at the dual temperature below \(T_{\text{c}}\). The chapter concludes with a look at some Clifford algebra formulas for even-spin correlations that are specialized to a Toeplitz determinant representation for the two point correlations along a horizontal line. Chapter 2 begins with a discussion of the uniformization of an elliptic curve that leads to the elliptic substitutions used by Yang. The elliptic curve in question is a complexification of the energy -- the spectral curve. Jacobi's version of elliptic function theory is ideally suited to the uniformization of the spectral curve. The second part of chapter 2 is devoted to some explicit expansions of the infinite-volume two point Ising correlations. Chapter 2 closes with a discussion of the elegant Montroll, Potts, and Ward calculation of the spontaneous magnetization using a Szegö-type theorem on the asymptotics of Toeplitz determinants. Chapter 3 begins the analysis of the scaling function for the Ising correlations. Pfaffian formulas for the subcritical and supercritical scaling functions are found. Also some probabilistic properties of the scaling functions are studied. The chapter concludes with ``hyperbolic'' representations for the two-point functions and the corresponding expansions for the two point scaling functions. Chapter 4 begins with a discussion of a finite difference equation that is intimately connected with the fermions that arise in the description of the Ising correlations. It is shown that a mixed fermion-spin correlation is the Green function for a finite difference operator that scales to a Dirac operator. A characterization of the subcritical and supercritical scaling functions in terms of Dirac operator is given. The rest of the chapter is devoted to an analysis of the Green function for the Dirac operator. Chapter 5 is devoted to an account of the tau functions associated with the Dirac operator for \(n\) branch points. Following Segal and Wilson's definition for tau functions associated with the KdV equation tau functions for the Dirac operators (defined for subcritical and supercritical boundary conditions) are introduced. It is shown that the squares of the subcritical and supercritical scaling functions are related to tau functions. Chapter 6 is the heart of the book and is devoted to the analysis of the tau functions that were introduced in the chapter 5. This chapter starts with the existence theory for the appropriate Green function. It is proved that the derivative of the Green function is of finite rank and characterize the response functions. Using the formulas for the tau functions it is shown that the logarithmic derivative of the tau functions is expressed as the level-1 Fourier coefficient for a response function. These Fourier coefficients have s characterization in terms of solutions of the deformation equations. Many other interesting things can be found in the book.