Composantes de petite codimension du lieu de Noether-Lefschetz. (Small codimension components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus) (Q2644719)

Denote by U the open subscheme of \(H^ 0({\mathbb{P}}^ 3,{\mathcal O}(d))\) which parametrizes smooth surfaces of degree d, and write \({\mathcal S}_ d\) for the Noether-Lefschetz locus \(\{F\in U| \quad Pic(S)\neq {\mathbb{Z}}\}\) where S means the surface with equation F. We know that \({\mathcal S}_ d\) is a countable union of Zariski-closed sets, and that \({\mathcal S}_ d\neq U\) when \(d\geq 4\), by Noether's theorem. By \textit{M. L. Green} [J. Differ. Geom. 29, No.2, 295-302 (1989; Zbl 0674.14003)] and the author [Math. Ann. 280, No.4, 605-611 (1988; Zbl 0616.14030)], each component of \({\mathcal S}_ d\) has codimension at least \(d-3.\) Here the author proves that each component of \({\mathcal S}_ d\) has codimension \(>2d-7\), with just two exceptions: the family of surfaces containing a line (codimension \(d-3),\) and the family of surfaces containing a conic (codimension \(2d-7\)).