Methods of summation (Q2651890)

The \(\sum_0^\infty u_n\) is summable \((B^h)\) when \(\sum_0^\infty u_\nu\cos \frac{\pi}{2}\left(\frac{\nu}{n+h}\to s\) as \(n\to\infty\). It is known that the method \((B^h)\) is at least as strong as the Cesàro method \((C,1)\), and that it is equivalent to \((C,1)\) when \(h=0\) and when \(h>\frac12\). It is stronger than \((C,1)\) when \(0<h <\frac12\) (compare \textit{W. Rogosinski}, Math. Ann. 96, 110--134 (1925; JFM 51.0221.01); \textit{J. Karamata}, Math. Z. 52, 305--306 (1949; Zbl 0034.03502); \textit{R. P. Agnew}, Ann. Math. (2) 56, 537--559 (1952; Zbl 0048.04102)]). It is now shown that \((B^h)\) is stronger than \((C,1)\) when \(h<0\). The limiting methods \(\sigma_n=[1-1/(n+k)] s_n+s_{n+1}/(n+k)\) are also discussed.